The first type of diabetes is insulin dependent. As a rule, in such patients, more often children or adolescents, the full range of consequences of reduced immunity is revealed [1]. At the same time, cholecystitis is diagnosed, possibly gallstones, pyelonephritis, and kidney stones. As a rule, chlamydia, a large number of viruses, fungi, and helminths are detected. All this is entered into the prescription for the preparation of the drug for treatment.

Beta-cells of the pancreas in some patients with the first type of diabetes, in principle, can be healthy. But the problem is that they are suppressed by the autoimmune process. The initial push is an inflammatory process in the pancreas. It occurs due to the infiltration of cells of the immune system (T-lymphocytes) into the islets of Langerhans. Due to a coding defect, T-lymphocytes recognize outsiders in beta cells, carriers of infection. Since the task of T-lymphocytes is to destroy such cells, they destroy beta cells.

Treatment of diabetes mellitus is possible with pancreas transplantation, tand ransplantation of the islets of Langerhans and individual beta cells. In addition, the "fashionable" method is the treatment of diabetes mellitus with stem cells [2].

The main cause of diabetes is a dysfunction of the immune system. Stem cell treatment for diabetes is based on the replacement of dead pancreatic cells (beta cells) with stem cells. After the stem cells are attached to the pancreatic tissues, they are transformed into active cells.

In diabetes mellitus, the introduction of stem cells is carried out using a catheter through the pancreatic artery using an X-ray scanner, which lasts 90 minutes. But at the first stage, bone marrow is taken from the pelvic bone of a diabetic using a thin needle (under local anesthesia). From the bone marrow taken, stem cells are isolated in the laboratory. The quality of the extracted cells is tested in the laboratory and their number is counted. The effect of treatment the patient can feel in 2-3 months after the start of treatment. For an effective result, the treatment is performed one or several times repeatedly.

Side effects of stem cell treatment for diabetes mellitus.

1. Expensive method. Insurance companies do not include it in the list of compulsory health insurance.

2. Frequent illnesses with viral and infectious diseases, tk. there is no body protection.

3. There is uncontrolled cell division, which provokes the oncological process.

4. The method is quite controversial and does not have full effectiveness and evidence. It is under development and requires a long period of research and practice.

In 80% of people with type 2 diabetes, so-called misfolded islet amyloid polypeptide proteins (IAPPs) accumulate in tissues. IAPPs grow in a process called folding, and misfolded IAPPs are thought to damage pancreatic beta cells, impairing the body's ability to produce insulin. In other words, in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, pancreatic beta cells are weakened or completely disappear.