Background: Dengue fever (DF) is a mosquito-borne viral illness that has spread rapidly throughout the world in recent years. Dengue virus is primarily transmitted by female mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti) species and also by (Aedes Arbopictus). Symptoms are usually flu-like but can progress to severe dengue haemorrhagic fever, a life-threatening condition. The incidence of DF has increased dramatically over the past few decades. The true number of dengue cases is underestimated because the vast majority of infected patients are asymptomatic or with mild and self-limited disease. Many patients were misdiagnosed to be other febrile illnesses. It is estimated that 2.5 billion people are at risk of having the disease, making dengue fever a major international public health concern. This review provides insights on dengue fever transmission, complications, treatment and impact on the healthcare system.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional laboratory-based study was conducted in Green Life  Medical College Hospital in Dhaka from June 2023 to December 2023. About 126 seropositive (Dengue NS1 Antigen and IgG and IgM Antibodies) patients were included in the study. After taking informed written consent, blood samples were collected from the subjects for biochemical tests that include serum albumin, AST, ALT, creatinine, urea and electrolyte profile. Data were cleaned, entered and analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 26.0. 

Results: Majority (96.83%) were having classical DF. 2 had DHF and only 2 had DSS. It was found that creatinine, ALT mean values were significantly higher in DSS cases compared to DF cases. It was observed that total WBC, and neutrophils were significantly more in DHF cases compared to other two groups. The mean platelet values and HCT were significantly reduced in DHF and DF group compared to DSS (P < 0.05). The mean values of electrolytes were comparable in all the three groups. Serum Albumin level was significantly reduced in DSS cases (P < 0.05) which is similar to the study .

Conclusion: Since dengue does not have specific medical therapy, new strategy for early dengue infection and severity risk prediction early in the course of illness is indispensable, so that management strategies can be promptly implemented.

Azmeri Alam is affiliated with Green Life Medical College, Bangladesh. His academic interests focus on infectious diseases and public health, particularly dengue research. He contributes to medical research aimed at improving the understanding, prevention, and management of dengue in endemic regions.