Diabetes is often accompanied by dyslipidemia and an elevated risk of cardiovascular complications. Lipid control is essential in the management of diabetes. However, there is limited real-world data on lipid control in diabetic patients in Oman. This study aimed to determine the rate of lipid profile control, examine the effect of good glycemic control on the lipid profile, and assess other associated factors in T2DM patients in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Muscat region targeting type 2 DM patients aged 20 years and above, from 1 January to 31 December 2022. A multistage sampling technique was used. Data were collected from the primary health care center's record system (Al-Shifa System). The variables collected included demographics, clinical features, complications, and laboratory findings. All statistical analyses were conducted using the SPSS V23 program.

Results:

A total of 378 T2DM patients were enrolled in this research. The mean age (±SD) was 58 (±11.3) years. Among them, 241 patients (64%) had controlled HDL cholesterol, 195 (52.0%) had controlled LDL cholesterol, and 278 (73%) had controlled Triglycerides. Bivariate analysis revealed that older age was associated with good lipid control (p-values of 0.001 and 0.006 for LDL and TG, respectively). Additionally, the male gender was associated with a better LDL control rate (OR=0.6, p-value 0.02), while the female gender was associated with a better HDL control rate (OR=2.9, p-value 0.000).

Not smoking was associated with a better HDL control rate (OR=2.7, p-value 0.02). Moreover, having good glycemic control (HbA1c<7) was associated with better control rates of all lipid profiles (p-values of 0.01, 0.01, and 0.03 for LDL, HDL, and TG, respectively). There was also an association between not having CVD and the control rate of LDL (OR=2.1, p-value 0.03).

Conclusion:

According to the findings, health planners in this field should concentrate on modifiable risk factors and encourage behavioral counseling as a means of promoting healthy lifestyles.

Fatma Ali completed her Master's degree in Epidemiology at the age of 34 from King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, in 2024. She is currently working at the Ministry of Health, Oman. In addition, she completed a Masterclass in Clinical Management of Diabetes from the University Hospital of Wales in 2021. Furthermore, she presented a poster titled "The Outbreak of Food Poisoning in a Specific Club Restaurant in Muscat, Oman – 2024" at the World Congress of Epidemiology (WCE).