Track: Primary Care Cardiology

PRIMARY CARE 2025

Primary Care Cardiology focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and management of heart conditions within a primary care framework. It emphasizes early intervention and ongoing care to enhance cardiovascular health and prevent complications. The session will cover critical topics including:

Coronary Heart Disease: Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, making its management a top priority in primary care. Early identification of risk factors, such as hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking, is essential for preventing CHD. Primary care providers are tasked with monitoring these risk factors, providing lifestyle counseling, and initiating medical treatments when necessary. By managing these conditions effectively, primary care cardiology can significantly reduce the incidence of heart attacks and other complications.

Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are critical conditions that require prompt diagnosis and treatment. Primary care providers are often the first to identify symptoms such as leg pain, swelling, and shortness of breath. Early diagnosis and initiation of anticoagulant therapy are crucial in preventing life-threatening complications. The role of primary care in managing DVT and PE involves both acute intervention and long-term management, including monitoring anticoagulation therapy and addressing risk factors for recurrence.

Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure: Cardiomyopathy, a disease of the heart muscle, can lead to heart failure if not managed appropriately. In primary care settings, early detection through routine physical exams and patient history is crucial. Management includes prescribing medications, monitoring symptoms, and coordinating care with cardiologists for patients with more advanced disease. Regular follow-ups and patient education on recognizing symptoms of heart failure are key components of care in preventing hospitalizations and improving quality of life.

Myocardial Infarction and Acute Management: Primary care plays a vital role in both the prevention and acute management of myocardial infarction (heart attack). Preventive measures include managing risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and lifestyle choices. In acute cases, primary care providers often coordinate emergency care, ensuring rapid intervention. Post-heart attack, they manage long-term care, including medication adherence, lifestyle changes, and cardiac rehabilitation.

Heart and Vascular Care: Comprehensive heart and vascular care in primary settings involves managing conditions like hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and peripheral artery disease. Primary care providers assess cardiovascular risk, initiate appropriate therapies, and work closely with specialists when advanced interventions are necessary. Continuous monitoring and patient education are critical in preventing complications such as stroke and heart failure.

Heart Problems During Pregnancy: Pregnancy poses unique challenges for women with existing heart conditions or those who develop cardiovascular issues during pregnancy. Primary care providers play a crucial role in managing these conditions through close monitoring, collaboration with obstetricians, and adjusting treatments to ensure the safety of both mother and child.

Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema and Cardioembolic Stroke: Cardiogenic pulmonary edema, a condition where fluid accumulates in the lungs due to heart failure, requires immediate intervention. Primary care providers are responsible for identifying early signs and managing the condition with medications and lifestyle modifications. Similarly, preventing and managing cardioembolic stroke—often related to atrial fibrillation—is crucial. This includes anticoagulation therapy and regular monitoring to prevent recurrent strokes.